November 25, 2020

SEDATIVE-HYPNOTICS

INTRODUCTION:  Sedation is a condition of drowsiness due to reduced central nervous system response to various environmental stimuli and manufests as reduced mental alertness.  
Hypnosis means initiation and maintanance of sleep situation.  Therefore a sedative-hypnotic is a drug that calms you down and leads to initiation and maintainance of sleep.  An effective  sedative  (anxiolytic) agent should reduce anxiety and exert a calming effect. The degree of central nervous system depression caused by a sedative should be the minimum consistent with therapeutic efficacy.  A  hypnotic  drug should produce drowsiness and encourage the onset and maintenance of a state of sleep. Hypnotic effects involve more pronounced depression of the central nervous system than sedation, and this can be achieved with many drugs in this class simply by increasing the dose. Graded dose-dependent depression of central nervous system function is a characteristic of most sedative-hypnotics.

FROM at
Labels:

No comments:

Post a Comment

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)

MOST FREQUENTLY READ

  • CORTISOL
      OBJECTIVES OF THE DISCUSSION:  By the end of this discussion, the reader/medical student will be able to; 1.  Describe cortisol and it...
  • FILOVIRUSES (MARBURG AND EBOLA VIRUSES)
    INTRODUCTION: These are t wo related African viruses are subsumed under the name filoviruses, Marburg and Ebola. These pathogens cause hem...
  • INFLAMMATION
      Introduction:  I nflammation is a physiological response to cell injury, associated with cellular, vascular events and cytokine secretion....
  • METRONIDAZOLE (FLAGYL)
      Introduction:  Metronidazole also sometimes referred to as fragyl, is one of the most commonly prescribed and used drugs because of avail...
  • CONCURRENT USE OF OVER THE COUNTER (OTC) DRUGS
    CONCURRENT USE OF OVER THE COUNTER (OTC) DRUGS:  In drug use, we have two broad categories namely; Over the counter drugs (OTC) and Prescrip...
  • PHYSICAL VERSUS PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE
      INTRODUCTION:   Whether a substance is addictive is related to how easily an individual can stop taking the agent on a repetitive basis. W...
  • CANDIDIASIS
    INTRODUCTION:   This is a fungal infection that is common especially in immunocompromised patients.  Usually fungi microbes are not a big bu...
  • ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AND MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
    INTRODUCTION: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is an emergent situation characterized by an acute onset of myocardial ischemia that results i...
  • NICOTINE
    INTRODUCTION:   Nicotine is sometimes considered a CNS stimulant, and although it does increase alertness, its actions and long-term consequ...
  • INTRAMASCULAR ROUTE OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION
    INTRAMASCULAR ROUTE OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION:  The intramuscular route of drug administration is another commonly used technique, where the dr...